Kashi -
History
Varanasi, or Benaras, (also known as Kashi) is one of the oldest living cities in the world. Varanasi`s Prominence in Hindu mythology is virtually unrevealed. Mark Twain, the English author and literature, who was enthralled by the legend and sanctity of Benaras, once wrote :
“Benaras is older than history, older than tradition, older even than legend and looks twice as old as all of them put together”.
The land of Varanasi (Kashi) has been the ultimate pilgrimage spot for Hindus for ages. Hindus believe that one who is graced to die on the land of Varanasi would attain salvation and freedom from the cycle of birth and re-birth. Abode of Lord Shiva and Parvati, the origins of Varanasi are yet unknown. Ganges in Varanasi is believed to have the power to wash away the sins of mortals. Hindus believe that one who is graced to die on the land of Varanasi would attain salvation and freedom from the cycle of birth and re-birth.
The city is a center of learning and civilization for over 3000 years. Ganges is said to have its origins in the tresses of Lord Shiva and in Varanasi, it expands to the mighty river that we know of. With Sarnath, the place where Buddha preached his first sermon after enlightenm
ent, just 10 km away, Varanasi has been a symbol of Hindu renaissance. Knowledge, philosophy, culture, devotion to Gods, Indian arts and crafts have all flourished here for centuries. Also a pilgrimage place for Jains, Varanasi is believed to be the birthplace of Parsvanath, the twenty-third Tirthankar. Vaishnavism and Shaivism have co-existed in Varanasi harmoniously.
Varanasi has also been a great center of learning for ages. Varanasi is associated with promotion of spiritualism, mysticism, Sanskrit, yoga and Hindi language and honored authors such as the ever-famous novelist Prem Chand and Tulsi Das, the famous saint-poet who wrote Ram Charit Manas. Aptly called as the cultural capital of India, Varanasi has provided the right platform for all cultural activities to flourish. Many exponents of dance and music have come from Varanasi. Ravi Shankar, the internationally renowned Sitar maestro and Ustad Bismillah Khan, (the famous Shehnai player) are all sons of the blessed city or have lived here for major part of their lives.
With a number of temples, Mrs. Annie Besant chose Varanasi as the home for her ‘Theosophical Society’ and Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya, to institute ‘Benares Hindu University, the biggest University in Asia. Ayurveda is said to be originated at Varanasi and is believed to be the basis of modern medical sciences such as Plastic surgery, Cataract and Calculus operations. Maharshi Patanjali, the preceptor of Ayurveda and Yoga, was also affiliated with Varanasi, the holy city. Varanasi is also famous for its trade and commerce, especially for the finest silks and gold and silver brocades, since the early days.
The famous Dashashwamedh Ghat is known for the grand Ganga Aarti ceremony held every evening. During the ceremony, priests dressed in traditional attire perform synchronized rituals with large oil lamps, incense, conch shells, and devotional chants facing the sacred river. Thousands of devotees and visitors gather to witness this breathtaking spiritual event, where the glow of lamps reflects beautifully on the waters of the Ganga. The Ganga Aarti represents devotion, gratitude, and the eternal spiritual connection between the river and the people.
Another deeply significant place in Kashi is Manikarnika Ghat, one of the oldest and most sacred cremation ghats in Hinduism. According to spiritual belief, those cremated here achieve moksha, or liberation from the cycle of birth and death. The eternal funeral fires burning continuously at the ghat symbolize the Hindu understanding of life, death, and spiritual liberation. Though deeply emotional, the atmosphere at Manikarnika Ghat reflects the spiritual philosophy and ancient traditions that define Kashi.
Boat rides on the River Ganga are among the most memorable experiences in Varanasi. Early morning boat rides during sunrise offer breathtaking views of the ghats, temples, and rituals taking place along the riverbanks. As the sun rises over the Ganga, the city glows with golden light, creating an unforgettable spiritual and visual experience. Evening boat rides during the Ganga Aarti provide another magical perspective of the illuminated ghats and devotional ceremonies.
Kashi is also famous for its ancient temples, narrow lanes, and traditional architecture. The old city is filled with hundreds of temples dedicated to various Hindu deities. Among the important temples are Sankat Mochan Hanuman Temple, Durga Temple, and Tulsi Manas Mandir. Each temple has its own religious importance, legends, and architectural beauty.
The city is also a major center of learning, music, philosophy, and culture. Kashi has been associated with Sanskrit education, Vedic studies, yoga, meditation, and classical Indian music for centuries. Great saints, scholars, poets, and musicians such as Kabir, Tulsidas, and Ravi Shankar contributed to the city’s cultural heritage. Banaras Hindu University is one of India’s largest and most respected educational institutions, combining traditional learning with modern education.
Kashi is equally famous for its vibrant local culture and traditional crafts. The city’s narrow markets are filled with Banarasi silk sarees, handcrafted jewelry, wooden toys, brass items, and spiritual products. Banarasi silk sarees are internationally admired for their fine weaving, rich designs, and luxurious craftsmanship. Visitors exploring the local bazaars experience the colorful and energetic atmosphere that reflects the timeless spirit of the city.
Food is another important part of the Kashi experience. The city is famous for traditional street food including kachori sabzi, tamatar chaat, chena dahi vada, lassi, malaiyo, and the world-famous Banarasi paan. Walking through the crowded lanes while tasting local flavors becomes an unforgettable cultural experience for visitors.
Comments
Post a Comment